What "unweighted" means and why colleges want it
An unweighted GPA maps every letter grade to the same number of points regardless of how difficult the course was. An A in AP Physics and an A in Ceramics are both 4.0. The maximum is 4.0 and nothing can push it higher.
That looks like it throws away information, and it does — deliberately. Weighting schemes are set by individual schools and they are wildly inconsistent: one district adds a full point for AP, another adds half, a third adds nothing and reports unweighted only, and a fourth caps weighted GPAs at 4.5. A weighted GPA from School A and a weighted GPA from School B are not the same measurement, so they cannot be ranked against each other. The unweighted figure can be, which is exactly why admissions offices recalculate it.
Many go further and rebuild your GPA from academic core courses only — English, maths, science, social studies, foreign language — dropping electives, PE and study hall. If your GPA is being carried by electives, that recalculated figure will come out lower than either number on your transcript.
Worked example
The same seven courses used on the weighted page, so the two are directly comparable:
- AP US History — B+ = 3.3
- AP Biology — A− = 3.7
- Honors Precalculus — B = 3.0
- English 11 — A = 4.0
- Spanish III — A− = 3.7
- Studio Art — A = 4.0
- Physical Education — B+ = 3.3
Total 25.0 ÷ 7 = 3.57. The same transcript weighted comes to 4.14 — a gap of 0.57, all of it produced by two AP courses and one honours course. Both numbers are correct and they answer different questions.
The formula
GPA = Σ pᵢ ÷ n, with the standard 4.0 mapping: A 4.0, A− 3.7, B+ 3.3, B 3.0, B− 2.7, C+ 2.3, C 2.0, C− 1.7, D+ 1.3, D 1.0, D− 0.7, F 0.
If your school records straight letters with no pluses or minuses, switch plus/minus off above. It matters: under straight letters an A− becomes a flat 4.0 and a B+ becomes a flat 3.0, which can move a GPA by a tenth of a point in either direction from identical work. That is not a rounding difference, it is a different grading system.
Where this stops being reliable
Schools that report only weighted GPAs will not match this figure, and you cannot convert between the two — a weighted GPA does not contain enough information to recover the unweighted one, because it does not record which bump applied to which course. You have to recalculate from the transcript, course by course. That is the honest answer to the most common question on this page, and it is worth stating plainly rather than offering a conversion that would be made up.
Beyond that: schools on 100-point scales use their own percentage bands, plus/minus conventions vary, and a college's own recalculation is invisible to everyone outside its admissions office.